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Islam In Brief
الإسلام باختصار
A simplified Introduction to Islam
A collection of articles dealing with different Islamic issues
دليل للتعريف بالإسلام باللغة الإنجليزية
يرجى إهداءه إلى الناطقين بالإنجليزية.
Prepared by:
Yasser Gabr & Houda Karkour
Islamic Propagation Office in Rabwah, Riyadh
المكتب التعاوني للدعوة وتوعية الجاليات بالربوة بمدينة الرياض
Islam at Your Fingertips
2008-1429
PREFACE
This little book is a guiding book to Islam, where we are trying to vanish away the chaos that is hiding the reality of Islam. Therefore, we hope that you receive this book with open arms without a jot of prejudice to understand Islam as it is not as it has been depicted in the media. Then, let's pray God-Allah Almighty that this book would be a good introduction for the correct knowledge of Islam, the religion of all the messenger of Allah Almighty from Adam to Mohammad peace be upon them.
yassergabr@gmail.com
Chapter One
The Creator
The name Allah (God) in Islam is the personal name of God. The most concise definition of God in Islam is given in four verses of Surah Al-Ikhlaas in the Holy Qur'an:
{{Say, "He is Allah, [Who is] One,
Allah, the Eternal Refuge,
He neither begets nor is born,
Nor is there to Him any equivalent."}}
(Holy Qur'an 112: 1-4)
To Muslims, this four-line definition of Almighty God serves as the touchstone of the study of God. Any candidate to divinity must be subjected to this ‘acid test' and since the attributes of The Creator given in this chapter are unique, false gods and pretenders to divinity can be easily dismissed using these verses.
i) The first criterion is «"Say, He is Allah, one and only"».
Can there be more than one god? This verse tells us that The Creator is the only one who has total and absolute power, unique in His names and attributes.
ii) The second criterion is, «'Allah is absolute and eternal’».
The word that is translated as “The Eternal, Absolute” from Arabic is something that can be attributed only to The Creator as all the other existent beings temporal or conditional? It also means that Allah is not dependant on any person or thing, but all persons and things are dependant on Him.
iii) The third criterion is «‘He begets not, nor is He begotten’».
This means God was not born, nor does He give birth and share his divinity with others. Nor does He have a family or relationship with another being.
iv) The fourth test - which is the most stringent - is, «"There is none like unto Him"».
The moment you can imagine or compare ‘God’ to anything, then he (the candidate to divinity) is not God. It is not possible to conjure up a mental picture of the One True God because of the simple fact, as creation, we only know creation.
The Muslims prefer calling the Supreme Creator, 'Allah', instead of the English word ‘God’. The Arabic word, ‘Allah’, is pure and unique, unlike the English word ‘God’, which can be played around with. For example, If you add ‘s’ to the word God, it becomes ‘Gods’, that is the plural of God. Allah is one and singular, there is no plural of Allah. If you add the word ‘father’ to ‘God’ it becomes ‘God-father’. God-father means someone who is a guardian. There is no word like ‘Allah-father’. If you add the word ‘mother’ to ‘God’, it becomes ‘God-mother’. There is nothing like ‘Allah-mother’ in Islam. Allah is a unique word, which does not conjure up any mental picture nor can it be played around with. Therefore, the Muslims prefer using the Arabic word ‘Allah’ for the Almighty.
Unity of God:
Some people pretend that the existence of more than one God is not illogical. Let us point out to them that if there were more than one God, they would dispute with one another for each god tries to fulfill his will against the will of the other gods. This can be seen in the mythology of the polytheistic and pantheistic religions.
If a ‘God’ is defeated or unable to defeat the others, he is surely not the one true God. It is also popular among polytheistic religions the idea of many Gods for each one is having different responsibilities. Each one would be responsible for a part of man’s existence e.g. a Sun-God, a Rain-God, etc. This indicates that one ‘God’ is incompetent of certain acts, and moreover, he is also ignorant of the other Gods’ powers, duties, functions and responsibilities. It cannot be an ignorant and incapable God. If there were more than one God, it would surely lead to confusion, disorder, chaos and destruction in the universe. But the universe is in complete harmony. The Glorious Qur’an says:
{{Had there been therein (in the heavens and the earth) gods besides Allâh, then verily both would have been ruined. Glorified be Allâh, the Lord of the Throne, (High is He) above what they attribute to Him!}}. (Holy Qur'an 21: 22)
If there were more than one God, they would have taken away what they created. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{No son (or offspring or children) did Allâh beget, nor is there any ilâh (god) along with Him; (if there had been many gods), behold, each god would have taken away what he had created, and some would have tried to overcome others! Glorified be Allâh above all that they attribute to Him!}}, (Holy Qur'an 23:91).
Thus the existence of one True, Unique, Supreme, Almighty God, is the only logical concept of God.
What are the proofs that betoken Allah Almighty's existence?
Allah, to Whom be ascribed all perfection and majesty, has made demonstrations in this universe to enunciate His existence and His singleness.
He has made the signs in the universe as his elementary device to let the human being grasp by his/her brain. The reason can perceive the existence of Allah Almighty by the use of the rational evidence which is put in the world by the Creator.
These demonstrations are as follows:
1. The evidence of creation:
It is known that the human being does neither create him/herself nor does he/she the animals, the plants, and the earth he/she lives on.
The Holy Qur'an has stated this fact in the following verse:
{{Or were they created of nothing, or were they themselves the creators? Or did they create the heavens and the earth? Rather, they are not certain.}}, (Holy Qur'an 52: 35-36(
2. The evidence of charge:
The vestiges of Allah's attributes and the features of His magnificent creation are existing in every corner of the whole world. Everything is made in the universe is considered as a sign that betokens Allah Almighty Who has created, brought to perfection and excelled in making His creatures.
The unbeliever is the one who finds an elegant dress, and then he/she does not deduce that the existence of this dress gives evidence of the one who has made it. He imputes the existence of the dress to the “Coincidence" that has interfered to make the tip of the thread to get by itself into the threading hole of the needle which moves in a counted movement to end up with the dress by all its minute wonderful details.
Is it possible that a rational person thinks that "the chance" or " the coincidence" is able to make a car that is found in front of his house?
Would he/she say that a wind has blown to gather the pieces of plastic upon the pieces of iron with a pinch of rubber and fragments of glass to make a car??!! ….Or would he/she wonder who has innovated this car by its capacities and accuracy?
Thus, a rational person would not accept that the universe, including its galaxies, planets, earth, seas, is simply created by an irrational nature which has neither an essence nor an existence.
Would a judicious person think that the human body, including its limbs whose structures and duties are accurate, is working as a thorough system depending on the creation of coincidence?
All the data of the modern science highlights of a capable and creative Creator of the world, and its containing.
{{Were they created of nothing, Or were they themselves the creators?}} (Holy Qur'an 52: 35).
3. The evidence of guidance:
When Pharaoh had asked the prophet Moses, peace be upon him, the answer was herewith:
{{Fir'aun (Pharaoh) said: "Who then, O Mûsa (Moses), is the Lord of you two?" [Mûsa (Moses)] said: "Our Lord is He Who gave to each thing its form and nature, then guided it aright."}},
(Holy Qur'an 20: 49-50).
In the simple explanation of Holy Qur'an: " Moses had answered: Our Lord is He Who has given everything He has created its fitting feature to be a sign of His perfect creation. Then, He guided each creature to what is made to accomplish on earth.
Henceforth, Allah Almighty has created each genre of the creatures to be guided to its kind of life-style and to its devices he/she/it provided with.
The birds are lead to migrate thousands of kilometres and then come back to their nests of which they have been already guided to build it.
The fish is also directed to migrate thousands of kilometres and to get back by the same way to its birthplace. For example, the Salmon, which migrates from some of the American rivers to the shores of Europe, is totally capable to come back to the river where it has been born. It simply swims on the opposite direction of the river to put its eggs and to die therefore. The next generation is spontaneously able to do the same steps. To boot, Allah has guided the animals to the way of its nutrition and the manners of hunting. Some other creatures are acquainted with the stratagems of disguise and deviousness etc.
One has mentioned some examples of Allah Almighty's guidance to his creatures:-
When the cat excretes, it does not leave the place unless it covers its stool with the dust.
- The amazing defense in the beehive since it is defended by its bees till the last bee dies during their fight against the hornets. One might wonder Who has taught the bees to make sacrifice of themselves to keep their hive.
- The members of the beehive, who are the workers, are used to choose among the working maggots a larva that is assumed to turn out the queen by consuming the royal nutrition in case of the queen death without progeny.
- The mosquito that is used to put its eggs as bags in the quagmires so as to buoys on the surface of water. Who has taught it the buoyancy rule of Archimedes?
-Who has taught this mosquito to get its nurture from the blood of the human being? Thus, how does it get the substance to secrete in order to stop the thrombosis of the blood and to remain fluid as soon as it inserts its suckers?
- The desert trees which engenders wings to its seeds to fly far away and through miles to look for good opportunities to be implanted over there; Who has taught these trees to make these wings and sunshades? - Who has taught the firefly to be illuminated at night to attract the mosquitoes in order to eat them?
- And the hornet who inserts its stinger inside of the nervous center of the victim insect to be numbed and paralyzed; then, it brings it to its nest to put on it one egg….whenever it hatches, the small insect can find its nurture is fresh and ready to eat. From where does the hornet learn the surgery and the anatomy of the nervous system?
How do all these creatures get its knowledge and regulation but from its Creator?
Sheikh Muhammad Al Ghazali has written:
Whatever the human being gets through his/her effort and thought that he/she has a limited quality in comparison to what occurs in his/her worldly surroundings. I remember the time I have walked about the industries of sugar where the tunnels are abounded with juice and the ovens are full of fuel. The machines are covering a vast area of the earth. I have looked around me here and there to say spontaneously: Praise the Lord! The interior of the bee can do this duty…the duty of making the sugar without the use of all these rotary machines and the clamorous noise!
Herewith, I have imagined that the human innovations are an intelligent hint to the wonders that occur in the universe without these complex interventions and the multiple devices.
{{Verily! In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, and the ships which sail through the sea with that which is of use to mankind, and the water (rain) which Allâh sends down from the sky and makes the earth alive therewith after its death, and the moving (living) creatures of all kinds that He has scattered therein, and in the veering of winds and clouds which are held between the sky and the earth, are indeed Ayaât (proofs, evidences, signs, etc.) for people of understanding.}}
)Holy Qur'an 2:164).
Why Does Allah create the human being?
Does Allah create us in vain?
The brain is aware of the existence of Allah Almighty by the use of the signs in the universe. The human brain recognizes that the Creator of the universe is Knowledgeable and Wise. Thus, it is quite impossible that He creates us in vain and without a special target. Otherwise, this fact would not be in tandem with His wisdom, Glory be to Him.
{{"Did you think that We had created you in play (without any purpose), and that you would not be brought back to Us?” So Exalted be Allâh, the True King, Lâ ilâha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He), the Lord of the Supreme Throne!!}}, (Holy Qur'an 23: 115-116).
Though, we cannot know what does the Creator want from us, How to worship Him as He really wants us to do? How to thank Him? This is why He has sent to us messengers to tell us about Himself (Allah Almighty) and the reason He has created the universe. Why he has created us? What is the life-style He has depicted for us to follow? And what He has preserved to us whether it is a reward or a punishment?
{{Messengers as bearers of good news as well as of warning in order that mankind should have no plea against Allâh after the Messengers. And Allâh is Ever AllPowerful, All¬Wise.}} (Holy Qur'an 4: 165)
The messengers, whom Allah has picked out from the best of His creatures, were under the custody and the protection of Allah. They have brought miracles from Allah Almighty to give evidence of their truthful message. Allah has sent down to them the procedure of life which must be performed by the humankind. As it is, he who has obeyed Allah and his messengers will be perfectly rewarded by Allah Almighty; and he who has disobeyed Allah will be punished for sure.
{{And whoso obeys Allâh and the Messenger (Muhammad), then they will be in the company of those on whom Allâh has bestowed His Grace, of the Prophets, the Siddiqûn (those followers of the Prophets who were first and foremost to believe in them.), the martyrs, and the righteous. And how excellent these companions are!}} (Holy Qur'an 4: 69).
Furthermore, Allah Almighty has confirmed in the Holy Qur'an:
{{And whosoever disobeys Allâh and His Messenger (Muhammad), and transgresses His limits, He will cast him into the Fire, to abide therein; and he shall have a disgraceful torment.}} (Holy Qur'an 4:14)
Allah Almighty has explained to us that the creation is certainly for specific wisdom:
{{And We created not the heaven and the earth and all that is between them without purpose! That is the consideration of those who disbelieve! Then woe to those who disbelieve (in Islamic Monotheism) from the Fire!}} (Holy Qur'an 38:27)
Allah Almighty has made it clear to us to know the reason behind the creation of the humankind:
{{And I (Allâh) created not the jinns and humans except they should worship Me (Alone).}} (Holy Qur'an 51: 56)
It goes without saying that worshiping Allah is not only praying, genuflecting, and fasting, but it contains also all the deeds and the behavior which Allah loves us to do. Taking care of the orphan is considered as worshipping. Visiting a sick person is part of worshipping. Taking away anything that might hurt the others in the road is a way of worshipping. Greeting the others is also worshipping….etc.
Sheikh Ibn Taymiyyah has confirmed:
Worshipping is a name that is connected to everything Allah Almighty loves and agrees on whether it is related to sayings, interior and exterior deeds. Prayer, giving alms, fasting, doing the pilgrimage, saying the truth, loyalty, filial devotion, good contact with one's relatives, fulfillment of the pact, Ordering to work out kindness and avoiding badness, striving against the unbelievers and hypocrites, the philanthropy to the neighbours, orphans, indigent, vagabond, slaves, animals, invocation of Allah, reading…are all kinds of worshipping Allah Almighty.
The love of Allah and His messenger, the fear of Allah, deputation to His Almighty, keeping loyalty to His religion, being patient to his orders, being thankful to His beneficence, the contentment towards His fate, the reliance on him, Beseeching His mercy and apprehending his excruciation, and the like are all kinds of worshipping Allah Almighty.
Attributes of God (Allah):
To Allah belong the most beautiful names. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{" Say (O Muhammad): "Invoke Allâh or invoke the Most Beneficent (Allâh), by whatever name you invoke Him (it is the same), for to Him belong the Best Names. And offer your Salât (prayer) neither aloud nor in a low voice, but follow a way between.}}
) Holy Qur'an 17:110 (
Sources of Islam give no less than ninety-nine different attributes to Allah Almighty. The Holy Qur'an refers to Allah as Ar-Rahman (Most Gracious), Ar-Raheem (Most Merciful) and Hakeem (All Wise) among many other names.
God does not take human form:
Many religions at some point believe, directly or indirectly, in the philosophy of anthropomorphism i.e. God is palatable to become a human. Their contention is that God Almighty is so pure and holy to the extent that He is unaware (It is true that Allah is not like us, but this does not mean that He is unaware of our situations!!!?- I would rather say: is far away) of the hardships, shortcomings and feelings of human beings. In order to set the rules for human beings, He came down to earth as a human. Let us now analyze this argument and see if it stands to reason.
Suppose I manufacture a videocassette recorder (VCR). Do I have to become a VCR to know what is good or what is bad for the VCR? What do I do? I write a manual instruction. "In order to watch a video cassette, you should insert the cassette and press on the play button. In order to stop, press on the stop button. If you want to fast forward, press on the FF button. Do not drop it from a height or it will get damaged. Do not immerse it in water or it will get ruined". These manual instructions list the various do’s and don’ts for the machine. Similarly, our Lord and Creator, Allah does not need to take the human form so as to know what is good or bad for the human being. He chooses to reveal the manual instructions. The last and final manual instruction that is sent down to the human beings is the Glorious Qur'an whose ‘do's’ and ‘don’ts’ are mentioned to the human beings through the Holy Verses.
If you allow me to compare human beings with machines, I would say humans are more complicated than the most complex machines in the world. Even the most advanced computers, which are extremely complex, are pale in comparison to the physical, psychological, genetic, and social factors that affect individuals and collective human life. The more advanced the machine is, the greater the need for its manual instruction is. By the use of the same criteria, don't the human beings require a manual instruction by which it is easy to govern their own lives?
Therefore, Allah does not come down personally to give the manual instruction. He chooses a man amongst men to deliver the message and communicates with him at a higher level through the medium of revelations. Such chosen men are called messengers and prophets of God.
God does not perform ungodly acts:
The attributes of Almighty God preclude any evil since God is the source of justice, mercy and truth. God can never be thought of as doing an ungodly act. Hence, we cannot imagine God telling a lie, being unjust, making a mistake, forgetting things, or having any such human failings. Similarly, God can do injustice if He chooses to, but He will never do it because being unjust is an ungodly act. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{Surely! Allâh wrongs not even of the weight of an atom (or a small ant), but if there is any good (done), He doubles it, and gives from Him a great reward..}}. (Holy Qur'an 4:40)
God can be unjust if He chooses to be so, but the moment God does injustice, He ceases to be God.
God does not make mistake:
God can make mistakes if He wants to, but He does not make mistakes, because making a mistake is ungodly act. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{… My Lord is neither unaware nor He forgets,}}) Holy Qur'an 20:52)
The moment God makes a mistake, he ceases to be God.
God does not forget:
God can forget if He wants to. But God does not forget anything because forgetting is an ungodly act, which reeks of human limitations and failings. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{… My Lord is neither unaware nor He forgets,}} ) Holy Qur'an 20:52)
Chapter Two
What is Islam?
Islam means submission, obedience, surrender and compliance with the command and prohibition of the commander without objections. Allah has named the true religion, ‘Islam’ for it is an obedience to him, submission to His Commands without any resistance, purifying acts of worship for Him, believing in His words and having faith in Him. Islam then became a proper name for the religion brought by Muhammad {P.B.U.H}.
Why was this religion named Islam?
Adherents of various religions all over the world have named their religions, either with the name of a man or a particular race like Christianity, which was named after Jesus Christ; and Buddhism was named after its founder Buddha; and Zoroastrianism was named after its founder and flag banner, Zoroaster. Judaism had also emerged among the tribe of Judah and so on. The All-Mighty Allah Himself called it Islam when He said,
{{Truly, the religion with Allâh is Islâm. (Submission to His Will)}} (Holy Qur'an 3:1)
It is only Islam that is not attributed to any particular man or nation. Its name indicates a special characteristic that the meaning of Islam denotes. It is evident in this name that no man has any role in bringing this religion into existence and that it is not peculiar with any nation to the exclusion of others. Its only goal is to make all people of the earth have characteristics of Islam. So, whoever is characterized with the qualities of Islam among ancient people and contemporary people is a Muslim, just as he shall be called a Muslim, and anyone who possesses its qualities among the coming generations.
The Message of Islam:
The most important message of Islam is the absolute Unity of God-that there is only One Supreme Being who has no partners and is not dependent on anyone or anything. He is the creator of everything and the whole universe is under His control. Since the total submission of one's will to Allah represents the essence of worship, Islam is the worship of Allah alone and the avoidance of worship directed to any person, place or thing other than Allah. In essence, Islam calls man away from the worship of creation and invites him to worship only its Creator. Allah is the only one deserving man's worship as it is only by His will that prayers are answered. Hence prayers to the non-living such as the sun, fire, and to humans whether they are Jesus, Moses or even Muhammad are rejected, as Allah informs us in the opening chapter of the Holy Qur'an,:
{{You (Alone) we worship, and You (Alone) we ask for help (for each and everything).}}
(Holy Qur'an 1:4)
The Six Pillars of Faith in Islam:
1. Belief in Allah:
You must believe in His Lordship; that He is the Lord, the Creator, the Possessor and the Controller of all matters. You must also believe in His right to be worshipped, that He is the only True Deity, that all deities besides Him are false. You must believe in His Names and Attributes, that He has Beautiful Names and perfect Sublime Attributes.
You must also believe in His Oneness in all that, that He has no partner in His Lordship, nor in His right to be worshipped or in His Names and Attributes. You must also believe that neither slumber nor sleep overtakes Him; that He knows all that is hidden and evident; and that to him belongs the sovereignty of the heavens and the earth. You must also believe that He rose high over His Throne above His creation, and that He is with them by His knowledge and He knows their conditions, hears their utterances, sees their places and controls their affairs. He provides for the poor, gives relief to the dejected, gives authority to whom He wills, withdraws it from whom He wills and that He is Able to do all things.
2. Belief in His angels:
A Muslim must believe in the angels; that is to say, it is Allah Who has created them and describes them as, “honoured slaves", they does not speak until He has spoken and they act on His Command. Allah conceals them from our eyes so that we do not see them. But Allah sometimes shows some of them to some of His Prophets and Messengers.
Angels have functions assigned to them. Gabriel is assigned to Revelations which he brings from Allah to whosoever He wishes of His Messengers. Among them are: an angel assigned to taking the souls, another to the protection of mankind, another to recording of their deeds…etc.
3. Belief in His Books
To believe that Allah revealed Books to his Prophets and Messengers, in order to explain the truth and call to it.
These Books are many. Among them are the Scripture of the Prophet Abraham, the Torah of the Prophet Moses, the Psalms given to the Prophet David and the Gospel which was brought by the Prophet Jesus Christ, may peace be upon all of them.
Belief in the Previous Books lies in believing that it is Allah Who revealed them to His Messengers and that they contained the Law that Allah wanted to be conveyed to people at that time.
All these Books that Allah informs us about have all become extinct. The scripture of Abraham does no longer exist in the world. As for the Torah, the Gospel and the Psalms, even though they do exist by name in the hands of Jews and Christians, they have become altered, interpolated and adulterated and many of their original contents are missing. The lines which are not part of them have been included in them, and they are attributed to those who are not their authors. The Old Testament for instance, has more than forty books, and only five of them were attributed to Moses. As for the existing gospels of today, nothing of them is attributed to Jesus. On the Other hand, the last Book, which is revealed by Allah, is the Qur'an which was revealed to Prophet Muhammad. It has always been and is still protected and preserved by Allah. No change or alteration has crept into any of its letters, words, vowels or meanings.
4. Belief in His Messengers
To believe that Allah sent Messengers to His creation in order to give them glad tidings of Paradise if they believe in Allah and His Messengers, and to warn them of punishment if they disobey. There are many messengers. The first of them was Noah and the last of them is Muhammad {P.B.U.H}. Allah has told us stories about them in the Holy Qur'an like Abraham, Moses, Jesus, David, John Zakariah and Saleh. There are also some prophets whom we know nothing for, Allah tells us nothing.
All these Messengers were humans since they are created by Allah. They possessed nothing of the qualities of Lordship or Godship. Therefore, no act of worship should be directed to them for they could not avail themselves of any harm or benefit. The Prophets are honoured slaves, whom Allah chose. They are honoured with the Message and described as His slaves. Their religion is Islam (Submission to God's orders), and Allah will not accept any other religion besides it.
The basic messages of the Prophets were one but their Laws differ.
The final of all these Laws is that of Muhammad. It abrogates all other previous laws. His Message is the last of all Divine Messages and he is the last of all Messengers. Whoever believes in a Prophet among them should believe in all of them and whoever denies anyone of them, it means he/she has denied all of them.
5. Belief in the Last Day
Believe that the present life is only a trial preparation for the next perennial realm of existence. This life is a test for each individual for the everlasting life that comes after death. A day will come when the whole universe will be destroyed and the dead will be resurrected for judgment by God. This day will be the beginning of a life that will never end. This day is the Day of Judgment. On that day, all people will be rewarded by God according to their beliefs and deeds.
After having sent the Prophet Muhammad to call people to Islam, God does not accept adherence to any religion other than Islam, when someone rejects belief in God, His Prophet Muhammad, or His religion of Islam, it is just that he or she will be punished in the Hereafter. The truth is completely enlightened and does not need more explanation for it simply does not contain conflicts in the Holy Qur'an, the..
الإسلام باختصار
A simplified Introduction to Islam
A collection of articles dealing with different Islamic issues
دليل للتعريف بالإسلام باللغة الإنجليزية
يرجى إهداءه إلى الناطقين بالإنجليزية.
Prepared by:
Yasser Gabr & Houda Karkour
Islamic Propagation Office in Rabwah, Riyadh
المكتب التعاوني للدعوة وتوعية الجاليات بالربوة بمدينة الرياض
Islam at Your Fingertips
2008-1429
PREFACE
This little book is a guiding book to Islam, where we are trying to vanish away the chaos that is hiding the reality of Islam. Therefore, we hope that you receive this book with open arms without a jot of prejudice to understand Islam as it is not as it has been depicted in the media. Then, let's pray God-Allah Almighty that this book would be a good introduction for the correct knowledge of Islam, the religion of all the messenger of Allah Almighty from Adam to Mohammad peace be upon them.
yassergabr@gmail.com
Chapter One
The Creator
The name Allah (God) in Islam is the personal name of God. The most concise definition of God in Islam is given in four verses of Surah Al-Ikhlaas in the Holy Qur'an:
{{Say, "He is Allah, [Who is] One,
Allah, the Eternal Refuge,
He neither begets nor is born,
Nor is there to Him any equivalent."}}
(Holy Qur'an 112: 1-4)
To Muslims, this four-line definition of Almighty God serves as the touchstone of the study of God. Any candidate to divinity must be subjected to this ‘acid test' and since the attributes of The Creator given in this chapter are unique, false gods and pretenders to divinity can be easily dismissed using these verses.
i) The first criterion is «"Say, He is Allah, one and only"».
Can there be more than one god? This verse tells us that The Creator is the only one who has total and absolute power, unique in His names and attributes.
ii) The second criterion is, «'Allah is absolute and eternal’».
The word that is translated as “The Eternal, Absolute” from Arabic is something that can be attributed only to The Creator as all the other existent beings temporal or conditional? It also means that Allah is not dependant on any person or thing, but all persons and things are dependant on Him.
iii) The third criterion is «‘He begets not, nor is He begotten’».
This means God was not born, nor does He give birth and share his divinity with others. Nor does He have a family or relationship with another being.
iv) The fourth test - which is the most stringent - is, «"There is none like unto Him"».
The moment you can imagine or compare ‘God’ to anything, then he (the candidate to divinity) is not God. It is not possible to conjure up a mental picture of the One True God because of the simple fact, as creation, we only know creation.
The Muslims prefer calling the Supreme Creator, 'Allah', instead of the English word ‘God’. The Arabic word, ‘Allah’, is pure and unique, unlike the English word ‘God’, which can be played around with. For example, If you add ‘s’ to the word God, it becomes ‘Gods’, that is the plural of God. Allah is one and singular, there is no plural of Allah. If you add the word ‘father’ to ‘God’ it becomes ‘God-father’. God-father means someone who is a guardian. There is no word like ‘Allah-father’. If you add the word ‘mother’ to ‘God’, it becomes ‘God-mother’. There is nothing like ‘Allah-mother’ in Islam. Allah is a unique word, which does not conjure up any mental picture nor can it be played around with. Therefore, the Muslims prefer using the Arabic word ‘Allah’ for the Almighty.
Unity of God:
Some people pretend that the existence of more than one God is not illogical. Let us point out to them that if there were more than one God, they would dispute with one another for each god tries to fulfill his will against the will of the other gods. This can be seen in the mythology of the polytheistic and pantheistic religions.
If a ‘God’ is defeated or unable to defeat the others, he is surely not the one true God. It is also popular among polytheistic religions the idea of many Gods for each one is having different responsibilities. Each one would be responsible for a part of man’s existence e.g. a Sun-God, a Rain-God, etc. This indicates that one ‘God’ is incompetent of certain acts, and moreover, he is also ignorant of the other Gods’ powers, duties, functions and responsibilities. It cannot be an ignorant and incapable God. If there were more than one God, it would surely lead to confusion, disorder, chaos and destruction in the universe. But the universe is in complete harmony. The Glorious Qur’an says:
{{Had there been therein (in the heavens and the earth) gods besides Allâh, then verily both would have been ruined. Glorified be Allâh, the Lord of the Throne, (High is He) above what they attribute to Him!}}. (Holy Qur'an 21: 22)
If there were more than one God, they would have taken away what they created. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{No son (or offspring or children) did Allâh beget, nor is there any ilâh (god) along with Him; (if there had been many gods), behold, each god would have taken away what he had created, and some would have tried to overcome others! Glorified be Allâh above all that they attribute to Him!}}, (Holy Qur'an 23:91).
Thus the existence of one True, Unique, Supreme, Almighty God, is the only logical concept of God.
What are the proofs that betoken Allah Almighty's existence?
Allah, to Whom be ascribed all perfection and majesty, has made demonstrations in this universe to enunciate His existence and His singleness.
He has made the signs in the universe as his elementary device to let the human being grasp by his/her brain. The reason can perceive the existence of Allah Almighty by the use of the rational evidence which is put in the world by the Creator.
These demonstrations are as follows:
1. The evidence of creation:
It is known that the human being does neither create him/herself nor does he/she the animals, the plants, and the earth he/she lives on.
The Holy Qur'an has stated this fact in the following verse:
{{Or were they created of nothing, or were they themselves the creators? Or did they create the heavens and the earth? Rather, they are not certain.}}, (Holy Qur'an 52: 35-36(
2. The evidence of charge:
The vestiges of Allah's attributes and the features of His magnificent creation are existing in every corner of the whole world. Everything is made in the universe is considered as a sign that betokens Allah Almighty Who has created, brought to perfection and excelled in making His creatures.
The unbeliever is the one who finds an elegant dress, and then he/she does not deduce that the existence of this dress gives evidence of the one who has made it. He imputes the existence of the dress to the “Coincidence" that has interfered to make the tip of the thread to get by itself into the threading hole of the needle which moves in a counted movement to end up with the dress by all its minute wonderful details.
Is it possible that a rational person thinks that "the chance" or " the coincidence" is able to make a car that is found in front of his house?
Would he/she say that a wind has blown to gather the pieces of plastic upon the pieces of iron with a pinch of rubber and fragments of glass to make a car??!! ….Or would he/she wonder who has innovated this car by its capacities and accuracy?
Thus, a rational person would not accept that the universe, including its galaxies, planets, earth, seas, is simply created by an irrational nature which has neither an essence nor an existence.
Would a judicious person think that the human body, including its limbs whose structures and duties are accurate, is working as a thorough system depending on the creation of coincidence?
All the data of the modern science highlights of a capable and creative Creator of the world, and its containing.
{{Were they created of nothing, Or were they themselves the creators?}} (Holy Qur'an 52: 35).
3. The evidence of guidance:
When Pharaoh had asked the prophet Moses, peace be upon him, the answer was herewith:
{{Fir'aun (Pharaoh) said: "Who then, O Mûsa (Moses), is the Lord of you two?" [Mûsa (Moses)] said: "Our Lord is He Who gave to each thing its form and nature, then guided it aright."}},
(Holy Qur'an 20: 49-50).
In the simple explanation of Holy Qur'an: " Moses had answered: Our Lord is He Who has given everything He has created its fitting feature to be a sign of His perfect creation. Then, He guided each creature to what is made to accomplish on earth.
Henceforth, Allah Almighty has created each genre of the creatures to be guided to its kind of life-style and to its devices he/she/it provided with.
The birds are lead to migrate thousands of kilometres and then come back to their nests of which they have been already guided to build it.
The fish is also directed to migrate thousands of kilometres and to get back by the same way to its birthplace. For example, the Salmon, which migrates from some of the American rivers to the shores of Europe, is totally capable to come back to the river where it has been born. It simply swims on the opposite direction of the river to put its eggs and to die therefore. The next generation is spontaneously able to do the same steps. To boot, Allah has guided the animals to the way of its nutrition and the manners of hunting. Some other creatures are acquainted with the stratagems of disguise and deviousness etc.
One has mentioned some examples of Allah Almighty's guidance to his creatures:-
When the cat excretes, it does not leave the place unless it covers its stool with the dust.
- The amazing defense in the beehive since it is defended by its bees till the last bee dies during their fight against the hornets. One might wonder Who has taught the bees to make sacrifice of themselves to keep their hive.
- The members of the beehive, who are the workers, are used to choose among the working maggots a larva that is assumed to turn out the queen by consuming the royal nutrition in case of the queen death without progeny.
- The mosquito that is used to put its eggs as bags in the quagmires so as to buoys on the surface of water. Who has taught it the buoyancy rule of Archimedes?
-Who has taught this mosquito to get its nurture from the blood of the human being? Thus, how does it get the substance to secrete in order to stop the thrombosis of the blood and to remain fluid as soon as it inserts its suckers?
- The desert trees which engenders wings to its seeds to fly far away and through miles to look for good opportunities to be implanted over there; Who has taught these trees to make these wings and sunshades? - Who has taught the firefly to be illuminated at night to attract the mosquitoes in order to eat them?
- And the hornet who inserts its stinger inside of the nervous center of the victim insect to be numbed and paralyzed; then, it brings it to its nest to put on it one egg….whenever it hatches, the small insect can find its nurture is fresh and ready to eat. From where does the hornet learn the surgery and the anatomy of the nervous system?
How do all these creatures get its knowledge and regulation but from its Creator?
Sheikh Muhammad Al Ghazali has written:
Whatever the human being gets through his/her effort and thought that he/she has a limited quality in comparison to what occurs in his/her worldly surroundings. I remember the time I have walked about the industries of sugar where the tunnels are abounded with juice and the ovens are full of fuel. The machines are covering a vast area of the earth. I have looked around me here and there to say spontaneously: Praise the Lord! The interior of the bee can do this duty…the duty of making the sugar without the use of all these rotary machines and the clamorous noise!
Herewith, I have imagined that the human innovations are an intelligent hint to the wonders that occur in the universe without these complex interventions and the multiple devices.
{{Verily! In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, and the ships which sail through the sea with that which is of use to mankind, and the water (rain) which Allâh sends down from the sky and makes the earth alive therewith after its death, and the moving (living) creatures of all kinds that He has scattered therein, and in the veering of winds and clouds which are held between the sky and the earth, are indeed Ayaât (proofs, evidences, signs, etc.) for people of understanding.}}
)Holy Qur'an 2:164).
Why Does Allah create the human being?
Does Allah create us in vain?
The brain is aware of the existence of Allah Almighty by the use of the signs in the universe. The human brain recognizes that the Creator of the universe is Knowledgeable and Wise. Thus, it is quite impossible that He creates us in vain and without a special target. Otherwise, this fact would not be in tandem with His wisdom, Glory be to Him.
{{"Did you think that We had created you in play (without any purpose), and that you would not be brought back to Us?” So Exalted be Allâh, the True King, Lâ ilâha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He), the Lord of the Supreme Throne!!}}, (Holy Qur'an 23: 115-116).
Though, we cannot know what does the Creator want from us, How to worship Him as He really wants us to do? How to thank Him? This is why He has sent to us messengers to tell us about Himself (Allah Almighty) and the reason He has created the universe. Why he has created us? What is the life-style He has depicted for us to follow? And what He has preserved to us whether it is a reward or a punishment?
{{Messengers as bearers of good news as well as of warning in order that mankind should have no plea against Allâh after the Messengers. And Allâh is Ever AllPowerful, All¬Wise.}} (Holy Qur'an 4: 165)
The messengers, whom Allah has picked out from the best of His creatures, were under the custody and the protection of Allah. They have brought miracles from Allah Almighty to give evidence of their truthful message. Allah has sent down to them the procedure of life which must be performed by the humankind. As it is, he who has obeyed Allah and his messengers will be perfectly rewarded by Allah Almighty; and he who has disobeyed Allah will be punished for sure.
{{And whoso obeys Allâh and the Messenger (Muhammad), then they will be in the company of those on whom Allâh has bestowed His Grace, of the Prophets, the Siddiqûn (those followers of the Prophets who were first and foremost to believe in them.), the martyrs, and the righteous. And how excellent these companions are!}} (Holy Qur'an 4: 69).
Furthermore, Allah Almighty has confirmed in the Holy Qur'an:
{{And whosoever disobeys Allâh and His Messenger (Muhammad), and transgresses His limits, He will cast him into the Fire, to abide therein; and he shall have a disgraceful torment.}} (Holy Qur'an 4:14)
Allah Almighty has explained to us that the creation is certainly for specific wisdom:
{{And We created not the heaven and the earth and all that is between them without purpose! That is the consideration of those who disbelieve! Then woe to those who disbelieve (in Islamic Monotheism) from the Fire!}} (Holy Qur'an 38:27)
Allah Almighty has made it clear to us to know the reason behind the creation of the humankind:
{{And I (Allâh) created not the jinns and humans except they should worship Me (Alone).}} (Holy Qur'an 51: 56)
It goes without saying that worshiping Allah is not only praying, genuflecting, and fasting, but it contains also all the deeds and the behavior which Allah loves us to do. Taking care of the orphan is considered as worshipping. Visiting a sick person is part of worshipping. Taking away anything that might hurt the others in the road is a way of worshipping. Greeting the others is also worshipping….etc.
Sheikh Ibn Taymiyyah has confirmed:
Worshipping is a name that is connected to everything Allah Almighty loves and agrees on whether it is related to sayings, interior and exterior deeds. Prayer, giving alms, fasting, doing the pilgrimage, saying the truth, loyalty, filial devotion, good contact with one's relatives, fulfillment of the pact, Ordering to work out kindness and avoiding badness, striving against the unbelievers and hypocrites, the philanthropy to the neighbours, orphans, indigent, vagabond, slaves, animals, invocation of Allah, reading…are all kinds of worshipping Allah Almighty.
The love of Allah and His messenger, the fear of Allah, deputation to His Almighty, keeping loyalty to His religion, being patient to his orders, being thankful to His beneficence, the contentment towards His fate, the reliance on him, Beseeching His mercy and apprehending his excruciation, and the like are all kinds of worshipping Allah Almighty.
Attributes of God (Allah):
To Allah belong the most beautiful names. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{" Say (O Muhammad): "Invoke Allâh or invoke the Most Beneficent (Allâh), by whatever name you invoke Him (it is the same), for to Him belong the Best Names. And offer your Salât (prayer) neither aloud nor in a low voice, but follow a way between.}}
) Holy Qur'an 17:110 (
Sources of Islam give no less than ninety-nine different attributes to Allah Almighty. The Holy Qur'an refers to Allah as Ar-Rahman (Most Gracious), Ar-Raheem (Most Merciful) and Hakeem (All Wise) among many other names.
God does not take human form:
Many religions at some point believe, directly or indirectly, in the philosophy of anthropomorphism i.e. God is palatable to become a human. Their contention is that God Almighty is so pure and holy to the extent that He is unaware (It is true that Allah is not like us, but this does not mean that He is unaware of our situations!!!?- I would rather say: is far away) of the hardships, shortcomings and feelings of human beings. In order to set the rules for human beings, He came down to earth as a human. Let us now analyze this argument and see if it stands to reason.
Suppose I manufacture a videocassette recorder (VCR). Do I have to become a VCR to know what is good or what is bad for the VCR? What do I do? I write a manual instruction. "In order to watch a video cassette, you should insert the cassette and press on the play button. In order to stop, press on the stop button. If you want to fast forward, press on the FF button. Do not drop it from a height or it will get damaged. Do not immerse it in water or it will get ruined". These manual instructions list the various do’s and don’ts for the machine. Similarly, our Lord and Creator, Allah does not need to take the human form so as to know what is good or bad for the human being. He chooses to reveal the manual instructions. The last and final manual instruction that is sent down to the human beings is the Glorious Qur'an whose ‘do's’ and ‘don’ts’ are mentioned to the human beings through the Holy Verses.
If you allow me to compare human beings with machines, I would say humans are more complicated than the most complex machines in the world. Even the most advanced computers, which are extremely complex, are pale in comparison to the physical, psychological, genetic, and social factors that affect individuals and collective human life. The more advanced the machine is, the greater the need for its manual instruction is. By the use of the same criteria, don't the human beings require a manual instruction by which it is easy to govern their own lives?
Therefore, Allah does not come down personally to give the manual instruction. He chooses a man amongst men to deliver the message and communicates with him at a higher level through the medium of revelations. Such chosen men are called messengers and prophets of God.
God does not perform ungodly acts:
The attributes of Almighty God preclude any evil since God is the source of justice, mercy and truth. God can never be thought of as doing an ungodly act. Hence, we cannot imagine God telling a lie, being unjust, making a mistake, forgetting things, or having any such human failings. Similarly, God can do injustice if He chooses to, but He will never do it because being unjust is an ungodly act. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{Surely! Allâh wrongs not even of the weight of an atom (or a small ant), but if there is any good (done), He doubles it, and gives from Him a great reward..}}. (Holy Qur'an 4:40)
God can be unjust if He chooses to be so, but the moment God does injustice, He ceases to be God.
God does not make mistake:
God can make mistakes if He wants to, but He does not make mistakes, because making a mistake is ungodly act. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{… My Lord is neither unaware nor He forgets,}}) Holy Qur'an 20:52)
The moment God makes a mistake, he ceases to be God.
God does not forget:
God can forget if He wants to. But God does not forget anything because forgetting is an ungodly act, which reeks of human limitations and failings. The Holy Qur'an says:
{{… My Lord is neither unaware nor He forgets,}} ) Holy Qur'an 20:52)
Chapter Two
What is Islam?
Islam means submission, obedience, surrender and compliance with the command and prohibition of the commander without objections. Allah has named the true religion, ‘Islam’ for it is an obedience to him, submission to His Commands without any resistance, purifying acts of worship for Him, believing in His words and having faith in Him. Islam then became a proper name for the religion brought by Muhammad {P.B.U.H}.
Why was this religion named Islam?
Adherents of various religions all over the world have named their religions, either with the name of a man or a particular race like Christianity, which was named after Jesus Christ; and Buddhism was named after its founder Buddha; and Zoroastrianism was named after its founder and flag banner, Zoroaster. Judaism had also emerged among the tribe of Judah and so on. The All-Mighty Allah Himself called it Islam when He said,
{{Truly, the religion with Allâh is Islâm. (Submission to His Will)}} (Holy Qur'an 3:1)
It is only Islam that is not attributed to any particular man or nation. Its name indicates a special characteristic that the meaning of Islam denotes. It is evident in this name that no man has any role in bringing this religion into existence and that it is not peculiar with any nation to the exclusion of others. Its only goal is to make all people of the earth have characteristics of Islam. So, whoever is characterized with the qualities of Islam among ancient people and contemporary people is a Muslim, just as he shall be called a Muslim, and anyone who possesses its qualities among the coming generations.
The Message of Islam:
The most important message of Islam is the absolute Unity of God-that there is only One Supreme Being who has no partners and is not dependent on anyone or anything. He is the creator of everything and the whole universe is under His control. Since the total submission of one's will to Allah represents the essence of worship, Islam is the worship of Allah alone and the avoidance of worship directed to any person, place or thing other than Allah. In essence, Islam calls man away from the worship of creation and invites him to worship only its Creator. Allah is the only one deserving man's worship as it is only by His will that prayers are answered. Hence prayers to the non-living such as the sun, fire, and to humans whether they are Jesus, Moses or even Muhammad are rejected, as Allah informs us in the opening chapter of the Holy Qur'an,:
{{You (Alone) we worship, and You (Alone) we ask for help (for each and everything).}}
(Holy Qur'an 1:4)
The Six Pillars of Faith in Islam:
1. Belief in Allah:
You must believe in His Lordship; that He is the Lord, the Creator, the Possessor and the Controller of all matters. You must also believe in His right to be worshipped, that He is the only True Deity, that all deities besides Him are false. You must believe in His Names and Attributes, that He has Beautiful Names and perfect Sublime Attributes.
You must also believe in His Oneness in all that, that He has no partner in His Lordship, nor in His right to be worshipped or in His Names and Attributes. You must also believe that neither slumber nor sleep overtakes Him; that He knows all that is hidden and evident; and that to him belongs the sovereignty of the heavens and the earth. You must also believe that He rose high over His Throne above His creation, and that He is with them by His knowledge and He knows their conditions, hears their utterances, sees their places and controls their affairs. He provides for the poor, gives relief to the dejected, gives authority to whom He wills, withdraws it from whom He wills and that He is Able to do all things.
2. Belief in His angels:
A Muslim must believe in the angels; that is to say, it is Allah Who has created them and describes them as, “honoured slaves", they does not speak until He has spoken and they act on His Command. Allah conceals them from our eyes so that we do not see them. But Allah sometimes shows some of them to some of His Prophets and Messengers.
Angels have functions assigned to them. Gabriel is assigned to Revelations which he brings from Allah to whosoever He wishes of His Messengers. Among them are: an angel assigned to taking the souls, another to the protection of mankind, another to recording of their deeds…etc.
3. Belief in His Books
To believe that Allah revealed Books to his Prophets and Messengers, in order to explain the truth and call to it.
These Books are many. Among them are the Scripture of the Prophet Abraham, the Torah of the Prophet Moses, the Psalms given to the Prophet David and the Gospel which was brought by the Prophet Jesus Christ, may peace be upon all of them.
Belief in the Previous Books lies in believing that it is Allah Who revealed them to His Messengers and that they contained the Law that Allah wanted to be conveyed to people at that time.
All these Books that Allah informs us about have all become extinct. The scripture of Abraham does no longer exist in the world. As for the Torah, the Gospel and the Psalms, even though they do exist by name in the hands of Jews and Christians, they have become altered, interpolated and adulterated and many of their original contents are missing. The lines which are not part of them have been included in them, and they are attributed to those who are not their authors. The Old Testament for instance, has more than forty books, and only five of them were attributed to Moses. As for the existing gospels of today, nothing of them is attributed to Jesus. On the Other hand, the last Book, which is revealed by Allah, is the Qur'an which was revealed to Prophet Muhammad. It has always been and is still protected and preserved by Allah. No change or alteration has crept into any of its letters, words, vowels or meanings.
4. Belief in His Messengers
To believe that Allah sent Messengers to His creation in order to give them glad tidings of Paradise if they believe in Allah and His Messengers, and to warn them of punishment if they disobey. There are many messengers. The first of them was Noah and the last of them is Muhammad {P.B.U.H}. Allah has told us stories about them in the Holy Qur'an like Abraham, Moses, Jesus, David, John Zakariah and Saleh. There are also some prophets whom we know nothing for, Allah tells us nothing.
All these Messengers were humans since they are created by Allah. They possessed nothing of the qualities of Lordship or Godship. Therefore, no act of worship should be directed to them for they could not avail themselves of any harm or benefit. The Prophets are honoured slaves, whom Allah chose. They are honoured with the Message and described as His slaves. Their religion is Islam (Submission to God's orders), and Allah will not accept any other religion besides it.
The basic messages of the Prophets were one but their Laws differ.
The final of all these Laws is that of Muhammad. It abrogates all other previous laws. His Message is the last of all Divine Messages and he is the last of all Messengers. Whoever believes in a Prophet among them should believe in all of them and whoever denies anyone of them, it means he/she has denied all of them.
5. Belief in the Last Day
Believe that the present life is only a trial preparation for the next perennial realm of existence. This life is a test for each individual for the everlasting life that comes after death. A day will come when the whole universe will be destroyed and the dead will be resurrected for judgment by God. This day will be the beginning of a life that will never end. This day is the Day of Judgment. On that day, all people will be rewarded by God according to their beliefs and deeds.
After having sent the Prophet Muhammad to call people to Islam, God does not accept adherence to any religion other than Islam, when someone rejects belief in God, His Prophet Muhammad, or His religion of Islam, it is just that he or she will be punished in the Hereafter. The truth is completely enlightened and does not need more explanation for it simply does not contain conflicts in the Holy Qur'an, the Sayings of the..
Allah Almighty has made important value to the animals as they are created by Him. One has to be nice towards the animals and to treat them as good as one can do for they are creatures like us: they feel, smell, sleep, work, cooperate etc.
The prophet Mohammad peace be upon him has stated,
"Allah has ordained beneficence in everything. Thus, if you kill do it well; and if you slaughter, perform well. You have to sharpen your lame so as to soothe the slain animal." (Muslim. 5167)
From this perspective, one has to know that it is forbidden to kill animals in Islam unless one slaughters them in order to eat them like cows, fish, chicken etc.
It is also ordered not to torture the animals in any case. These animals are to be respected as creatures of Allah Almighty. It is narrated that Ibn Omar has passed by young guys who were playing with a little bird by the use of their arrows. The guys escaped when they had seen him. He looked upon this poor bird and said, " The animals must be treated well for the Muslim must be in tandem with nature that is surrounding him for his/her own benefits and the other creatures' benefits.
Also, let's remember the Hadith of Muhammad (peace be upon him) - "If any Muslim plants a tree or sows a field and a human, bird or animal eats from it, it shall be reckoned as charity from him." (Bukhari; 2320)
The messenger of Allah Muhammad (peace be upon him) used to say," Who has hurt this bird? Woe be to the one who has done this torment to it! The messenger of Allah, Muhammad (peace be upon him) has cursed whoever dares to play or hurt anything that has a soul – like an animal-" it is narrated by the two Sheikhs: Al Bukhari and Muslim. The messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had also stated, "Don't cause damage or detriment". That is to say the bullfighting and the cockfighting are extremely forbidden in Islam for they cause a great damage for animals. All of this hurt is done for the sake of the unmerciful people. Though, this saying means one is not to hurt oneself or the others for every creature in the world has his/her/its own rights to be protected for the sake of the Lord of the world.
6. The Rights of the prisoners:
Allah Almighty has forbidden the Muslims to harm the human beings who are prisoners of war. The case that they are prisoners does not deny their human rights for they need to be considered carefully with all the respect a person deserve in a humane attitude. For instance, torture is very prohibited Islam. The messenger of Allah Muhammad peace be upon him stated, “Do not mutilate.” (Narrated by Muslim 3/1357) This is assumed to be practiced in Islam among Muslims.
Furthermore, Islam urges the person to treat well the prisoners and even to release them for their rights to be simply free as respectful human beings.
The messenger of Allah Muhammad peace be upon him had insisted in the Hadith of Sahih, "You have to nourish the hungry person, visit the sick person, and release the prisoner", it is narrated by (Al Bukhari)
This attitude in Islam is considered as one of the acts of respect and cooperation among the human beings in the Muslim society. The Muslim are to be united as one body; and in case a part of the body, regardless of its smallness, is suffering, the whole will automatically stay up and has a fever all the time till this part of body will be recovered and fine.
The parents:
The parents are to be seriously cared of for the sake of Allah Almighty Who has ordained people to do as follows:
{{Worship Allâh and join none with Him in worship, and do good to parents, kinsfolk, orphans, Al-Masâkin (the poor), the neighbour who is near of kin, the neighbour who is a stranger, the companion by your side, the wayfarer (you meet), and those (slaves) whom your right hands possess. Verily, Allâh does not like such as are proud and boastful.}}
(Holly Qur’an 4:36)
Allah Almighty has enjoined His worshipping to the good deed towards the parents for they are the ones who has raised the child up and educated him/her to be in the position that he/she is in there.
{{And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him. And that you be dutiful to your parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age in your life, say not to them a word of disrespect, nor shout at them but address them in terms of honour., And lower unto them the wing of submission and humility through mercy, and say: "My Lord! Bestow on them Your Mercy as they did bring me up when I was small."}} (Holly Qur’an 17: 23-24(
One of the men had asked the messenger of Allah Muhammad peace be upon him about whom the most important in the view of Allah to care about. The messenger of Allah had answered, "Your mother". He has said it thrice, and in the fourth time the man had asked him again, he answered, "your father". This statement gives the evidence to people to take care of their parents, especially the mother who has been pregnant for nine months to bring the person to life. The mother has suffered a lot to bring up the child, and then, it is extremely necessary to treat her well and to be nice towards her as a valuable gem in the heart of the person who embodies one's thoughts and reverent feelings in good acts and sincere gratitude. In a word, Islam cares about the nub of the society that is called the family.
Conclusion
Coming to the end of this book, one has to point out that the seeker of the right path has to be look forward to rummaging the correct source with the right people to know the total truth. This seems to be quite hard in the middle of the chaos of the media and the misshapen features of Islam because the misdeeds of some Muslims. Definitely, one has to ask Allah Almighty to show him/her the absolute truth and the ultimate facts of the world to know what to choose and to be quite certain of the right thing to do towards Him Almighty, towards oneself and others. These are some useful links to look upon with all of our devout wishes.
www.sultan.org
www.islam-g
إهـــداء
إلى كل شيعي
حر الضمير، والفكر، محب للحق والخير يرغب في العلم والمعرفة.
أهدي هذه الكلمة القصيرة، ولا آمل منه أكثر من أن يقرأها، معتقدا أني قدمت له فيها نصيحة كما اعتقدت أنا ذلك.
والســــلام،،،
أبو بكر الجزائري
مقدمة
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
بسم الله والحمد لله، والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله نبينا محمد وآله وصحبه.
وبعد: فإني كنت- والحق يقال- لا أعرف عن شيعة آل البيت إلا أنهم جماعة من المسلمين يغالون في حب آل البيت، وينتصرون لهم، وأنهم يخالفون أهل السنة في بعض الفروع الشرعية بتأولات قريبة أو بعيدة ولذلك كنت امتعض كثيرا بل أتألم لتفسيق بعض الأخوان لهم، ورميهم أحيانا بما يخرجهم من دائرة الإسلام، غير أن الأمر لم يدم طويلا حتى أشار علي أحد الإخوان بالنظر في كتاب لهذه الجماعة لاستخلاص الحكم الصحيح عليها، ووقع الاختيار على كتاب (الكافي) وهو عمدة القوم في إثبات مذهبهم، وطالعته، وخرجت منه بحقائق علمية جعلتني أعذر من كان يخطئني في عطفي على القوم، و ينكر علي ميلي إلى مداراتهم رجاء زوال بعض الجفوة التي لاشك في وجودها بين أهل السنة وهذه الفئة التي تنتسب إلى الإسلام بحق أو بباطل، وهاأنذا أورد تلك الحقائق المستخلصة من أهم كتاب تعتمد عليه الشيعة في إثبات مذهبها وإني لأهيب بكل شيعي أن يتأمل هذه الحقائق بإخلاص، وإنصاف، وأن يصدر حكمه بعد ذلك على مذهبه، وعلى نسبته إليه، فان كان الحكم قاضيا بصحة هذا المذهب، وسلامة النسبة إليه أقام الشيعي على مذهبه، واستمر عليه، وإن كان الحكم قاضيا ببطلان هذا المذهب وفساده، وقبح النسبة إليه وجب على كل شيعي، نصحا لنفسه، وطلبا لمنجاتها أن يتركه ويتبرأ منه وليسعه ما وسع ملايين المسلمين كتاب الله تعالى وسنة رسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم. كما أني أعيذ بالله تعالى كل مسلم يتبين له الحق ثم يصر على الباطل جمودا وتقليدا أو عصبية شعوبية أو حفاظا على منفعة دنيوية فيعيش غاشا لنفسه، سالكا معها مسلك النفاق والخداع، فتنة لأولاده وإخوانه ولأجيال تأتي من بعده يصرفهم عن الحق بباطله ويبعدهم عن السنة ببدعته، وعن الإسلام الصحيح بمذهبه القبيح.
وهاك أيها الشيعي هذه الحقائق العلمية التي هي أصل مذهبك، وقواعد نحلتك. كما وضعتها لك ولأجيال خلت من قبلك، يد الإجرام الماكرة، ونفوس الشر الفاجرة. لتبعدك وقومك عن الإسلام باسم الإسلام. وعن الحق باسم الحق.
هاكها يا شيعي سبعا من الحقائق تضمنها كتاب (الكافي) الذي هو عمدة مذهبك، ومصدر شيعتك، فأجل فيها النظر، وأعمل فيها الفكر، وأسأل الله تعالى أن يريك فيها الحق كما هو الحق، وأن يعينك على انتحاله و يقدرك على احتماله.
إنه لا إله إلا هو، ولا قادر سواه.
الحقيقة الأولى
استغناء آل البيت وشيعتهم عن القرآن الكريم
بما عند آل البيت من الكتب الإلهية الأولى
التي هي التوراة والزبور والإنجيل!
إن الذي يثبت هذه الحقيقة و يؤكدها، و يلزمك أيها الشيعي بها: هو ما جاء في كتاب (الكافي) من قول المؤلف ((باب (1))) إن الأئمة عليهم السلام عندهم جميع الكتب التي نزلت من الله عز وجل وأنهم يعرفونها كلها على اختلاف ألسنتها، مستدلا على ذلك بحديثين يرفعهما إلى أبي عبد الله وأنه كان يقرأ الإنجيل، والتوراة والزبور بالسريانية.
وقصد المؤلف من وراء هذا معروف، وهو أن آل البيت وشيعتهم تبع لهم، يمكنهم الاستغناء عن القرآن الكريم بما يعلمون من كتب الأولين.
وهذه خطوة عظيمة في فصل الشيعة عن الإسلام والمسلمين، إذ ما من شك في أن من اعتقد الاستغناء عن القرآن الكريم بأي وجه من الوجوه فقد خرج من الإسلام، وانسلخ من جماعة المسلمين، أليس من الرغبة عن القرآن الذي يربط الأمة الإسلامية بعقائده، وأحكامه، وآدابه فيجعلها أمة واحدة؟ أليس من الرغبة عنه دراسة الكتب المحرفة المنسوخة والعناية بها، والعمل بما فيها؟!
وهل الرغبة عن القرآن لا تعد مروقا من الإسلام وكفرا؟ وكيف تجوز قراءة تلك الكتب المنسوخة المحرفة والرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم يرى عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه وفي يده ورقة من التوراة فينتهره قائلا: ألم آتيكم بها بيضاء نقية؟!
إذا كان الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم، لم يرض لعمر مجرد النظر في تلك الورقة من التوراة، فهل يعقل أن أحدا من آل البيت الطاهرين يجمع كل الكتب القديمة و يقبل عليها يدرسها بألسنتها المختلفة، ولماذا؟! الحاجة إليها أم لأمر ما يريده منها؟!
اللهم إنه لاذا، ولا ذاك وإنما هو افتراء المبطلين على آل بيت رسول رب العالمين، من أجل القضاء على الإسلام والمسلمين.
وأخيرا فإن الذي ينبغي أن يعرفه كل شيعي هو أن اعتقاد الاستغناء عن القرآن الكريم، كتاب الله الذي حفظه الله في صدور المسلمين، وهو الآن بين أيديهم لم تنقص منه كلمة، ولم تزد فيه أخرى ولا يمكن ذلك أبدا لأن الله تعالى تعهد بحفظه في قوله: "إنا نحن نزلنا الذكر وإنا له لحافظون)) (2) وهو كما نزل به جبريل الأمين على قلب سيد المرسلين، وكما قرأه رسول الله صلى الله عليه سلم، وقرأه عنه آلاف أصحابه، وقرأه من بعدهم من ملايين المسلمين متواترا إلى يومنا هذا.
إن اعتقاد امرئ الاستغناء عنه أو عن بعضه بأي حال من الأحوال، هو ردة عن الإسلام ومروق منه لا يبقيان لصاحبها نسبة إلى الإسلام، ولا إلى المسلمين.
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(1) ج1 كتاب الحجة ص 207 الكافي.
(2) سورة الحجر الآية: 9.
الحقيقة الثانية
اعتقاد أن القرآن الكريم لم يجمعه ولم يحفظه أحد من أصحاب
النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، إلا علي والأئمة من آل البيت!
هذا الاعتقاد أثبته صاحب كتاب (الكافي) (1) جازما به مستدلا عليه بقوله: عن جابر قال سمعت أبا جعفر عليه السلام يقول: ما ادعى أحد من الناس أنه جمع القرآن كله إلا كذاب، وما جمعه وحفظه كما نزل إلا علي بن أبي طالب والأئمة من بعده.
والآن، فاعلم أيها الشيعي، هداني الله وإياك لدينه الحق وصراطه المستقيم أن اعتقادا كهذا وهو عدم وجود من جمع القرآن وحفظه من المسلمين إلا الأئمة من آل البيت اعتقاد فاسد وباطل، القصد منه عند واضعه هو تكفير المسلمين من غير آل البيت وشيعتهم وكفى بذلك فسادا و باطلا وشرا والعياذ بالله تعالى. وإليك بيان ذلك:
1- تكذيب كل من ادعى حفظ كتاب الله وجمعه في صدره أو في مصحفه كعثمان، وأبي بن كعب، وزيد بن ثابت، وعبدالله بن مسعود وغيرهم من مئات أصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وتكذيبهم يقتضي فجورهم وإسقاط عدالتهم، وهذا ما لا يقوله أهل البيت الطاهرون، وإنما يقوله أعداء الإسلام وخصوم المسلمين؟ للفتنة والتفريق.
2- ضلال عامة المسلمين ما عدا شيعة آل البيت، وذلك أن من عمل ببعض القرآن دون البعض لاشك في كفره وضلاله، لأنه لم يعبد الله تعالى بما ما شرع، إذ من المحتمل أن يكون بعض القرآن الذي لم يحصل عليه المسلمون مشتملا على العقائد والعبادات والآداب والأحكام.
3- هذا الاعتقاد لازمه تكذيب الله تعالى في قوله "إنا نحن نزلنا الذكر وإنا له لحافظون" (2) وتكذيب الله تعالى كفر، وأي كفر؟!
4- هل يجوز لأهل البيت أن يستأثروا بكتاب الله تعالى وحدهم دون المسلمين إلا من شاءوا من شيعتهم؟! أليس هذا احتكارا لرحمة الله، واغتصابا لها ينزه عنه آل البيت؟ اللهم إنا لنعلم أن آل بيت رسولك براء من هذا الكذب، فالعن اللهم من كذب عليهم وافترى.
5- لازم هذا الاعتقاد أن طائفة الشيعة هم وحدهم أهل الحق والقائمون عليه؟ لأنهم هم الذين بأيديهم كتاب الله كاملا غير منقوص فهم يعبدون الله بما ما شرع، وأما من عداهم من المسلمين فهم ضالون لحرمانهم من كثير من كتاب الله تعالى، وهدايته فيه!! يا أيها الشيعي إن مثل هذا الهراء ينزه عنه الرجل العاقل فضلا عمن ينسب إلى الإسلام والمسلمين، إنه ما مات رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، حتى أكمل الله تعالى نزول كتابه، وأتم بيانه، وحفظه المسلمون في صدورهم وسطورهم وانتشر فيهم، وعمهم، وحفظه الخاص والعام، ولم يكن آل البيت في شأن القرآن وجمعه وحفظه إلا كسائر المسلمين وسواء بسواء، فكيف يقال: إنه لم يجمع القرآن ولم يحفظه أحدا إلا آل البيت، ومن ادعى ذلك فهو كذاب!!
أرأيت لو قيل لهذا القائل: أرنا هذا القرآن الذي خص به آل البيت شيعتهم أرنا منه سورة أو سورا، يتحداه في ذلك، فماذا يكون موقفه؟ سبحانك اللهم هذا بهتان عظيم.
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(1) ج 1كتاب الحجة ص26 الكافي.
(2) سورة الحجر الآية: 9.
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الحقيقة الثالثة
استئثار آل البيت وشيعتهم دون المسلمين بآيات الأنبياء كالحجر والعصا
يشهد لهذه الحقيقة و يثبتها ما أورده صاحب الكافي بقوله: عن أبي بصير عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: خرج أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام في ليلة مظلمة وهو يقول: همهمة، همهمة، وليلة مظلمة، خرج عليكم الإمام عليه قميص آدم، وفي يده خاتم سليمان، وعصا موسى!!.
وأورد أيضا قوله عن أبي حمزة عن أبي عبدالله (1) عليه السلام قال سمعته يقول ألواح موسى عندنا وعصا موسى عندنا، ونحن ورثة النبيين!!.
وبعد: أيها الشيعي إن هذا المعتقد في هذه الحقيقة بالذات يلزمك أمورا في غاية الفساد والقبح، لا يمكنك
وأنت العاقل إلا أن تتبرأ منها ولا تعترف بها وهي:
ا- تكذيب علي رضي الله عنه في قوله:- وقد سئل: هل خصكم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، آل البيت بشيء؟ فقال: لا. إلا ما كان في قراب سيفي هذا، فأخرج صحيفة مكتوبا فيها أمور أربعة، ذكرها أهل الحديث كالبخاري ومسلم.
2- الكذب عليه رضي الله عنه، بنسبة هذا القول إليه.
3- الازدراء من نفس صاحب هذا المعتقد، والدلالة القاطعة على تفاهة فهمه، ونقصان عقله وعدم احترامه لنفسه، إذ لو قيل له: أين الخاتم أو أين العصا، أو أين الألواح مثلا؟ لما حار جوابا، ولما استطاع أن يأتي بشيء من ذلك. وبه يتبين كذب القصة من أولها إلى آخرها. وأوضح من ذلك: فإنه قد يقال لو كان ما قيل حقا لم لا يستخدم آل البيت هذه الآيات كالعصا والخاتم في تدمير أعدائهم والقضاء عليهم، وهم قد تعرضوا لكثير من الأذى والشر من قبلهم؟!.
4- إن الهدف من هذا الكذب المرذول هو إثبات هداية الشيعة وضلال من عداهم من المسلمين، والقصد من وراء ذلك الإبقاء على المذهب الشيعي ذا كيان مستقل عن جسم الأمة الإسلامية، ليتحقق لرؤساء الطائفة، ولمن وراءهم من ذوي النيات الفاسدة والأطماع الخبيثة ما يريدونه من العيش على حساب هدم الإسلام وتمزيق شمل المسلمين، وإذا كان هذا المعتقد يحقق مثل هذا الفساد والشر فبئس من معتقد هو، و بئس من يعتقده، أو يرضى به.
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(1) ج1 كتاب الحجة ص227 الكافي.
الحقيقة الرابعة
اعتقاد اختصاص آل البيت وشيعتهم بعلوم
ومعارف نبوية وإلهية دون سائر المسلمين
ومستند هذه الحقيقة ما أورده (1) صاحب (الكافي) بقوله: عن أبي بصير قال دخلت على أبي عبدالله عليه السلام فقلت جعلت فداك إن شيعتك يتحدثون أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، علم عليا عليه السلام ألف باب من العلم يفتح منه ألف باب قال: فقال: يا أبا محمد علم رسول الله صلى عليه وسلم، عليا عليه السلام ألف باب يفتح له من كل باب ألف باب. قال: قلت: هذا بذاك، قال ثم قال يا أبا محمد وإن عندنا الجامعة وما يدريهم ما الجامعة؟ قال: قلت: جعلت فداك وما الجامعة؟ قال: صحيفة طولها سبعون ذراعا بذراع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، وأملاه من فلق فيه، وخط علي بيمينه كل حلال وحرام، وكل شيء يحتاج إليه الناس حتى الإرش والخدش. قال: قلت: هذا والله العلم! قال: إنه لعلم وليس بذاك، ثم نكت ساعة، ثم قال: عندنا الجفر وما يدريهم ما الجفر؟ قال: وعاء من أدم فيه علم النبيين والوصيين وعلم العلماء الذين مضوا من بني إسرائيل، قال: قلت: إن هذا العلم! قال: إنه العلم وليس بذاك، ثم سكت ساعة، ثم قال: وإن عندنا لمصحف فاطمة عليها السلام، وما يدريهم ما مصحف فاطمة؟ قال: قلت: وما مصحف فاطمة؟ قال: مصحف فيه مثل قرآنكم هذا ثلاثة مرات!، والله ما فيه من قرآنكم حرف واحد! قال: قلت: هذا والله العلم! قال: إنه العلم وليس بذاك، ثم سكت ساعة، ثم قال: وإن عندنا علم ما كان، وما هو كائن إلى أن تقوم الساعة!!!. انتهى بالحرف الواحد.
وبعد إن النتيجة الحقيقية لهذا الاعتقاد الباطل لا يمكن أن تكون إلا كما يلي:
1- الاستغناء عن كتاب الله تعالى وهو كفر صراح.
2- اختصاص آل البيت بعلوم ومعارف دون سائر المسلمين، وهو خيانة صريحة تنسب إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، ونسبة الخيانة إليه صلى الله عليه وسلم، كفر لاشك فيه ولا جدال.
3- تكذيب علي رضي الله عنه في قوله الثابت الصحيح: لم يخصنا رسول الله آل البيت بشيء، وكذب على علي، كالكذب على غيره، حرام لا يحل أبدا.
4- الكذب على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وهو من أعظم الذنوب، وأقبحها عند الله؟ إذ قال عليه الصلاة والسلام: إن كذبا علي ليس ككذب على أحدكم، من كذب علي متعمدا فليلج النار.
5- الكذب على فاطمة رضي الله عنها، بأن لها مصحفا خاصا يعدل القرآن ثلاث مرات، وليس فيه من القرآن حرف واحد.
6- صاحب هذا الاعتقاد لا يمكن أن يكون من المسلمين، أو يعد من جماعتهم، وهو يعيش على علوم ومعارف، وهداية ليس للمسلمين منها شيء.
7- وأخيرا فهل مثل هذا الهراء، الباطل والكذب السخيف، تصح نسبته إلى الإسلام، دين الله الذي لا يقبل الله دينا غيره؟!. " ومن يبتغ غير الإسلام دينا فلن يقبل منه وهو في الآخرة من الخاسرين)) (2).
وعليه فقل أيها الشيعي معي لننجو معا من هذه الورطة الكبيرة: اللهم إنا نبرأ إليك مما صنع هؤلاء الكاذبون عليك وعلى رسولك وآل بيته الطاهرين. من أجل إضلال عبادك، وإفساد دينك، وتمزيق شمل أمة نبيك ورسولك محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم.
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(1) ج1 كتاب الحجة ص 138 من الكافي.
(2) سورة آل عمران الآية: 85.
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الحقيقة الخامسة
اعتقاد أن موسى الكاظم قد فدى الشيعة بنفسه!!
أورد صاحب الكافي هذه الحقيقة (1) بقوله: إن أبا الحسن موسى الكاظم- وهو الإمام السابع من أئمة الشيعة الاثنى عشرية- قال: الله عز وجل، غضب على الشيعة، فخيرني نفسي، أو هم، فوقيتهم بنفسي. والآن أيها الشيعي فما هو مدلول هذه الحكاية التي ألزموك باعتقادها، بعد ما فرضوا عليك الإيمان بها وتصديق مدلولها حسب ألفاظها قطعا؟
إن موسى الكاظم رحمه الله تعالى، قد رضي بقتل نفسه، فداء لأتباعه؟ من أجل أن يغفر الله لهم، و يدخلهم الجنة بغير حساب.
تأمل أيها الشيعي، وفقني الله وإياك لما يحبه ويرضاه: من صالح المعتقد والقول والعمل، تأمل هذه
الفرية ولا أقول غير الفرية، وذلك لمجانبتها الحق وبعدها كل البعد عن الواقع، والصدق، تأملها فإنك تجدها تلزم معتقدها بأمور عظيمة، كل واحد منها لا ترضى أن ينسب إليك، أو تنتسب أنت إليه، ما دمت ترضى بالله ربا، و بالإسلام دينا، وبمحمد نبيا ورسولا، وتلك الأمور هي:
ا- الكذب على الله عز وجل في أنه أوحى إلى موسى الكاظم بأنه غضب على الشيعة، وأنه خيره نفسه أو شيعته، وأنه فداهم بنفسه، فهذا والله لكذب عليه عز وجل، وهو يقول "ومن أظلم ممن افترى على الله كذبا" (2).
2- الكذب على موسى الكاظم رحمه الله، وبهته بهذه الفرية التي هو منها والله لبراء!!.
3- اعتقاد نبوة موسى الكاظم رحمه الله، وما هو والله بنبي، ولا رسول فقول المفتري: إن الله أخبر موسى الكاظم بأنه غضبان على الشيعة! وأنه يخيره بين نفسه وشيعته، فاختار شيعته، ورضي لنفسه بالقتل فداء لهم، يدل دلالة واضحة بمنطوقه ومفهومه على نبوة موسى الكاظم!!!
مع العلم بأن المسلمين مجمعون على كفر من اعتقد نبوة أحد بعد النبي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، وذلك لتكذيبه بصريح قوله تعالى "ما كان محمد أبا أحد من رجالكم ولكن رسول الله وخاتم النبيين)) (3).
4- اتحاد الشيعة والنصارى في عقيدة الصلب والفداء، فكما أن النصارى يعتقدون أن عيسى فدى البشرية بنفسه؟ إذ رضي بالصلب تكفيرا عن خطيئة البشرية، وفداء لها من غضب الرب وعذابه، فكذلك الشيعة يعتدون بحكم هذه الحقيقة، أن موسى الكاظم خيره ربه بين إهلاك شيعته، أو قتل نفسه، فرضي بالقتل وفدى الشيعة من غضب الرب، وعذابه، فالشيعة إذا والنصارى عقيدتهما واحدة. والنصارى كفار بصريح كتاب الله عز وجل، فهل يرضى الشيعي بالكفر بعد الإيمان؟!.
قد هيؤوك لأمر لو فطنت له فاربأ بنفسك أن ترعى مع الهمل
وأخيرا، أنقذ نفسك أيها الشيعي وتبرأ من هذه الخزعبلات والأباطيل، ودونك صراط الله وسبيل المؤمنين.
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(1) ج1 كتاب الحجة ص 260 الكافي.
(2) سورة الأنعام الآية: 93.
(3) سورة الأحزاب الآية: 40.
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الحقيقة السادسة
اعتقاد أن أئمة الشيعة، بمنزلة رسول الله صلى الله
عليه وسلم: في العصمة، والوحي، والطاعة، وغيرها،
إلا في أمر النساء، فلا يحل لهم ما يحل له صلى الله عليه وسلم.
هذا المعتقد الذي يجعل أئمة الشيعة بمنزلة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، أثبته صاحب الكافي بروايتين. أولهما أنه قال: قال كان المفضل عند أبي عبد الله فقال له: جعلت (1) فداك، أيفرض الله طاعة عبد على العباد ويحجب عنه خبر السماء؟ فقال له أبو عبد الله - الإمام- لا، الله أكرم وأرحم وأرأف بعباده، من أن يفرض طاعة عبد على العباد ثم يحجب عنه خبر السماء صباحا ومساء.
فهذه الرواية تثبت بمنطوقها أن أئمة الشيعة، قد فرض الله طاعتهم على الناس مطلقا، كما فرض طاعة الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام، وأنهم- أئمة الشيعة- يوحى إليهم، و يتلقون خبر السماء صباح مساء، وهم بذلك أنبياء مرسلون أو كالأنبياء المرسلين سواء بسواء. واعتقاد نبي يوحي الله إليه بعد النبي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، ردة في الإسلام، وكفر بإجماع المسلمين، فسبحان الله كيف يرضى الشيعي المغرور بعقيدة تفترى له افتراء، و يلزم اعتقادها ليعيش بعيدا عن الإسلام كافرا من حيث أنه ما أعتقد هذا الباطل إلا من أجل الإيمان والإسلام ليفوز بهما و يكون من أهلهما.
اللهم أقطع يد الإجرام الأولى التي قطعت هؤلاء الناس عنك، وأضلتهم عن سبيلك.
وثانيتهما قال: عن محمد بن سالم قال سمعت أبا عبد الله عليه السلام يقول: الأئمة (2) بمنزلة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، إلا أنهم ليسوا بأنبياء، ولا يحل لهم من النساء ما يحل للنبي، فأما ما خلا ذلك فهم بمنزلة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم .
تعرف على الجواب في اسلاميات
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
مفهوم الحب في الإسلام
من أكثر الموضوعات التي قد تراود"المسلم المتديّن" في مضمونها وحكمها شكّ موضوع "الحب". فتوجّس المسلم المتديّن من الحب يتبع إحساسه الداخلي عندما يتعدّى شعور الإعجاب أو الاهتمام بشخص ما حدّه الطبيعي. وأحد أهمّ الأسئلة التي يطرقها الإنسان المتديّن: هل الحب في الإسلام حلال أم حرام؟ وهو سؤال يفتح بابا واسعا من القراءة الشرعية في ضوء الفواعل النفسية وتحكمها في الفرد.
من الخطأ ابتداء اختزال مفهوم الحب في العلاقة بين الجنسين، فالحب في الإسلام مفهوم متعدد الأبعاد. والإسلام يقوم بمعناه العام مبنيّ على الحبّ: حبّ الله والرسول (صلى الله عليه وسلّم) وحبّ هذا الدين والقرآن الكريم وحبّ الأنبياء جميعا والملائكة. والحبّ في الله من أعمدة الإيمان الراسخة التي لا يختلف عليها اثنان، وقد ورد ذكر الحبّ والمودّة مرارا و تكرارا في القرآن الكريم كما في السنّة النبويّة، فالقرآن أورد كلمة الحبّ أربعا وثمانين مرّة: "وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَتَّخِذُ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَنْدَاداً يُحِبُّونَهُمْ كَحُبِّ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَشَدُّ حُبّاً لِلَّه…" (البقرة/165).. "يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَنْ يَرْتَدَّ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِي اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ يُحِبُّهُمْ وَيُحِبُّونَهُ أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى الْكَافِرِين" (المائدة/54)، "قُلْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللَّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللَّهُ" (آل عمران/31)، "إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ سَيَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ الرَّحْمَنُ وُدّاً" (مريم/96). وفي السنّة النبويّة العديد من معاني الحب وأصوله، فعن أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عليه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: "إن المتحابين في الله تعالى لترى غرفهم في الجنة كالكوكب الطالع الشرقي أو الغربي. فيقال من هؤلاء؟ فيقال: هؤلاء المتحابون في الله عز وجل".
وقد حدّد الإسلام شروط الحبّ بأن يكون ضمن رضا الله وتحقّق أوامره، فلا طاعة لمخلوق في معصية الخالق، وأن يسير هذا الحبّ في اتجاهه الطبيعي من غير غلوّ ومبالغة. ويوضح أحد هذه الأبعاد الحديث النبوي "من أحب لله وأبغض لله، وأعطى لله، ومنع لله، فقد استكمل الإيمان" (أبو داود:4681).
الحب في الإسلام لم يكن مجرّد كلمة أو نظريّة من غير تطبيق، فالحبّ بين المسلمين يحمل معاني وممارسات سامية لربّما لا يوجد لها مثيل في كافة شرائع وأعراف الدنيا. والحبّ في الإسلام هو حالة واقعيّة ممثّلة بصدق وشفافيّة مع الآخر، ومفردات الحبّ الإسلامي هي الدعاء للآخر والنصح والتوجيه له إذا ما حارت به السبل كما تفقّده إذا ما غاب لسبب ما والتضحية والإيثار لأجله بعيدا عن المصالح الدنيوية، ولعلّ أعظم مثال في هذا الصدد ما غرسه الرسول(صلى الله عليه وسلّم) من مبادئ وأسس حب وإخاء ما بين المهاجرين والأنصار، ويمكن اقتباس شيء من معاني هذا الحب من الحديث القدسي "وجبت محبتي للذين يتحابون ويتجالسون ويتزاورون ويتبادلون فيّ".
ومن مرفأ الحب لله وفي الله وحب الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلّم وكل ما يتعلق بأسس الإيمان والتوحيد من حب القرآن والأنبياء والصالحين، سيكون الإبحار نحو الحبّ الأسري الذي لا جدال في حلّه مثل ذلك الذي بين الأزواج وبين الآباء والأبناء وحبّ الوالدين والإخوة وحب أولئك الذين تربطهم صلة الرحم، فحبّ الرسول (صلى الله عليه وسلّم) لبناته كان مثالاً حيّاً لمعين الحبّ الذي لا ينضب والذي غرسه الله في النفس البشرية بما فيها نفس رسول الأمّة لتكون خير نموذج واقعي للحبّ. فلم يؤثر قطّ أنّ الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام حزن لميلاد أيّ واحدة من بناته فها هو يفرح ويستبشر بميلاد ابنته فاطمة رضي الله عنها، وتوسّم فيها البركة واليمن فسمّاها فاطمة ولقّبها بالزهراء وكانت كنيتها أمّ أبيها.
أمّا ما كان على صعيد حبّه لزوجاته، فالرسول صلى الله عليه وسلّم كان مثالا للعاطفيّة والرومنسيّة من دون منازع. فبينما كانت تتخافت الأصوات عند ذكر الصحابة أسماء نسائهم، نجد رسولنا الكريم يجاهر بحبه لزوجاته أمام الجميع. فعن عمرو بن العاص أنه سأل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم :"أي الناس أحب إليك. قال: عائشة، فقلت من الرجال؟ قال: أبوها". وقد جعل معيار الخير في الرجل بمقدار حبّه ورفقه بأهل بيته فقال صلى الله عليه وسلم "خيركم خيركم لأهله، وأنا خيركم لأهلي".
وبالعودة للسؤال الأوّل عمّا إذا كانت مشاعر الحبّ بين الجنسين غير المتزوجين جائزة في الإسلام أم أنّها تندرج ضمن نطاق المحرّم الذي يجب على المسلم تجنّبه؟ وإذا جازت هذه المشاعر فما هي حدودها وضوابطها وما هو مصيرها؟
على المسلم أن يضع في اعتباره بداية قول الرسول(صلّى الله عليه وسلّم) "الأرواح جنود مجنّدة، ما تعارَف منها ائتَلفَ وما تناكر منها اختلف". إذاً فمشاعر الارتياح والميل نحو شخص ما أو حتى النفور منه هي مشاعر تلقائية لا تعرف عند نشوئها التخطيط المسبق إلاّ أنّها لابدّ وأن تسير ضمن نسق وإطار محدّد رسمته الشريعة كي لا تكون مشاعر الحب للآخرين معول هدم وتدمير لحياة الفرد.
فالإسلام لم يطارد المحبّين ولم يطارد بواعث العشق والهوى في النفوس ولم يجنح لتجفيف منابع العاطفة، بل على العكس قال الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلّم مخالفاً في ذلك الكثير من الأعراف الإجتماعية القديمة في عدم تزويج المحبّين خوفاً على سمعة الفتاة: "لم يُر للمتحابين مثل النكاح" فجعل النهاية المأمولة لكلا الطرفين بالزواج الذي حضّ عليه رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم متّبعاً في حديثه هذا طريقة غير مباشرة في التوصية على عدم الوقوف في وجه المتحابّين وعرقلة اجتماعهما على الخير.
كما أنّ الحب في الإسلام حبّا راقيا لا يضع معايير الشكل الخارجي في الحسبان فقط. فكان حديث رسول الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم عن صفات الفتاة التي يعدّ الزواج والقرب منها ظفراً للمسلم فقال"تنكح المرأة لأربع، لحسبها ولجمالها ولمالها ولدينها، فاظفر بذات الدين تربت يداك".. وبذات الوقت الذي تفهّم فيه الإسلام نفسيّة الإنسان وأقر له باحتمالية وجود ونشوء مشاعر الحبّ نحو الآخر إلاّ أنّه قد وضع لها من الضوابط ما يهذّبها ويسير بها نحو طريق الأمان فكان الزواج هو واحة المتحابّين الوحيدة في التشريع الإسلامي.
والحب قد يُولَد سريعا من نظرة عابرة، بل قد يولد بسماع الأذن دون مشاهدة، وهنا قد يزول وقد يبقَى ويشتد إن تَكرَّر أو طال السبب المولِّد له من رؤية للشخص المحبوب أو الحديث معه أو تذكّره والتفكير فيه، فبمعرفة السبب الموّلد له نكون قد وضعنا أيدينا على حكم الحبّ، فإذا كان من ذلك الذي قد يصيب الإنسان من النظرة الأولى وبالمصادفة فيكون ضمن الحبّ الاضطراري والذي لم تتدخّل النيّة البشرية في حدوثه أو تغذيته وهذا بفتاوى العديد من الأئمّة يدخل ضمن المصادفة ولا يحكم عليه بحلّ ولا حرمة. أمّا النوع الثاني وهو ذلك الذي يغذّيه مسبّبّه من رؤية وحديث مع المحبوب على هيئة لقاءات ونزهات وأحاديث هاتفية وخلوة أو رسائل وتبادل صور ومتعلّقات فذلك من النوع المحرّم قطعاً والذي قد يقود الإنسان نحو الهاوية إذا لم يتراجع ويحكّم شرع الله في كبح جماح عاطفته. فالحبّ الذي لا يتعدّى حدود الإعجاب والذي لم يصاحبه محرّمات فصاحبه يدخل ضمن نطاق المعذور. لكن إذا ما بدأت المحرّمات تتولّد بسببه فحكمه بدون جدال عند الفقهاء هو "الحرمة".
" ملأ الله قلوبنا بحب الله ورسوله وجعلنا متحابين متوادين في طاعته ورضاه عز وجل"